ABSTRACT
Introduction. L'accessibilité à des médicaments de qualité constitue un véritable problème de santé publique en Afrique. Cela est dû à des besoins énormes en soins de santé associés à des ressources limitées. La prescription de médicaments qui est un acte médical pour traiter les malades après avoir posé le diagnostic, est réservée aux professionnels de santé. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier la provenance des prescriptions de médicaments reçues dans les officines de Dakar. Matériels et méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive et transversale. Elle porte sur l'exploitation de prescriptions médicales reçues dans des officines du département de Dakar. Résultats. Les résultats révèlent que plus de la moitié des prescriptions soit 61%, provient du secteur privé et 30.52% sont faites par des médecins généralistes. De plus, la classe de la parasitologie et infectiologie est la plus prescrite (18.26%). Conclusion. L'analyse de ces paramètres nous aide à mieux évaluer la situation sanitaire pour estimer les besoins en médicaments et ainsi faire des recommandations pour une meilleure accessibilité.
Introduction. Accessibility to quality drugs is a real public health problem in Africa. This is due to huge health care needs associated with limited resources. The prescription of drugs, which is a medical procedure for treating patients after having made the diagnosis is reserved for health professionals. The objective of this work is to study the origin of prescription of drugs received in the pharmacies of Dakar. Materials and methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It is based on the use of medical prescriptions received in pharmacies in the department of Dakar. Results. The result reveal that more than half of the prescriptions are 61%, come from the private sector and 30,52% are made by general practitioners. In addition, the class of parasitology and infectiology is the most prescribed (18,26%). Conclusion. The analysis of these parameters helps us to better assess the health situation in order to estimate the drug needs and thus make recommendations for a better accessibility.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Drug Prescriptions , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Background: Evaluate the consistency of information in paper-based records when registered in parallel with an electronic medical record.Methods: The study was performed at PMSHC in Dakar Senegal. From the end of year 2016, patients’ files were recorded on both paper-based and electronically. Additionally, previous records were electronically registered. To investigate the completeness of records before and after the electronic recording system has been implemented, information about some maternal and fetal/neonatal characteristics were assessed. When the variable was recorded, the system returned 1, unrecorded variables were coded as 0. We then calculated, for each variable, the unrecorded rate before 2017 and after that date. The study period extended from 2011 to June 2019, a nearly ten-year period. Data were extracted from E-perinatal to MS excel 2019 then SPSS 25 software. Frequencies of unrecorded variables were compared with chi-squared test at a level of significance of 5%.Results: A total of 48,270 unique patients’ records were identified during the eight-year period. Among the study population, data for patients’ age, address and parity were available most of the time before and after 2017 (0.5% missing data versus 0.3% for age and 2.6% versus 1.3% for home address and from 0.3% to 0.0% for parity). However, phone number, maternal weight, maternal height, last menstrual period and blood group were found to be missing up to 96% before 2017. From 2017, these rates experienced a sudden decrease at a significant level: from 82.4% to 27.8% for phone number, from 96% to 56.3% for maternal weight and from 60.1% to 21.3% for blood group. Regarding newborns’ data, it was found that fetal height, head circumference and chest circumference were missing up to just under 25% before 2017. After that date, their completeness improved and flattened under 5%.Conclusions: Structured and computerized files reduce missing data. There is an urgent need the Ministry of health provides hospitals and health care providers with guidelines that describes the standardized information that should be gathered and shared in health and care records.
ABSTRACT
Viral etiologies especially viral hepatitis B remain an area of concern sub-Saharan Africa with a variable prevalence between countries. Ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants used in the treatment of viral hepatitis, in particular, viral hepatitis B, was conducted in the District of Dakar (Senegal). Forty-two participants were surveyed, which included 18 herbalists, 19 Traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs)and 5 resource persons. Fifty-one plant species were documented from forty-seven genera and thirty families. The most frequently mentioned families were; Fabaceae (11 species); Meliaceae, (4 species); Rubiaceae and Combretaceae (3 species each); Annonnacaea, Malvaceae, Rutaceae and Asteraceae (2 species each). All other families were represented by a single species. The decoction was the most common method of préparation (66.66%). Leaves and trunk bark were the plant parts of the plant most used. The most commonly used species were: Tinospora bakis (85.71%), Gardiena ternifolia (73.8%), Calotropis procera (71.42%), Carica papaya (66.66%), Citrus aurantifolia (64.28%) and Cochlospermum tinctorium (61.9%). It is concluded that the hepatoprotective properties of these plants are certainly induced by chemical compounds that will have to be identified later through phytochemical research.
ABSTRACT
Agaricales is one of the most diverse orders of Basidiomycete leaf mushrooms. Most species of this order are of great scientific interest and economic interest. Despite this huge diversity, Agaricales and mushrooms, in general, have been the subject of very few studies in Senegal. This study was undertaken to contribute to a better knowledge of fungal biodiversity in Senegal, particularly Basidiomycetes species of the order of Agaricales in the Dakar region. For this, observations were carried out in four sites namely; the Botanical Gardens of the Faculty of Science, the Botanical Gardens of the Faculty of Medicine, the Mbao Classified Forest and the Hann Forest Park. The description and identification of the samples were made based on both the macroscopic and ecological characteristics of the harvested mushrooms. This work enabled to make an inventory of seven species of Agaricales from which three were identified. Among the 4 unidentified species, some could probably be new species. All of these inventoried species belong to three genera (Agaricus, Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus) and two families (Agaricaceae and Lepiotaceae). This preliminary work also permitted to elaborate keys of the determination of harvested species, and a basic list of mushrooms belonging to the order of Agaricales.